
Spring framework with Java
Spring framework is a robust platform that provides developers various tools for creating Java applications. It’s one of the most popular Java frameworks, which handles the infrastructure while allowing developers to focus on building the applications.
Spring framework enables building Java applications from the so-called “Plain Old Java Objects” (POJOs) and applying enterprise services non-invasively to POJOs in the Java SE programming model and full and partial Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition).

How does the Spring framework work?
Spring framework can be ideal for developing enterprise-scale applications thanks to its extensive support for building structures, incorporating technologies that include:
- Aspect-oriented programming (AOP)
- Dependency injection (DI)
- As mentioned, Plain Old Java Objects (POJOs)
Including different functions, the Spring framework can help developers create additional functions, including methods defining a remote procedure or transaction management without the help of remote APIs.
Moreover, Spring is a lightweight framework that provides mechanisms for other frameworks like Struts, Hibernate, EJB, JSF, and Tapestry. It can help solve real-time technical problems. Spring framework comprises different modules, including WEB MVC, IOC, DAO, AOP, Context, and ORM.

Dependency injection in Spring
One of the fundamental aspects of Spring IOC (Inversion of Control) is dependency injection. It injects objects into the other objects (also called dependencies). In other words, it allows for loose coupling of components and makes the Spring container responsible for managing components.
Dependency injection keeps the Java classes independent of each other, and the container frees them from object creation and maintenance. Dependency injection can help avoid problems like system failure in the long run by combining the application classes while maintaining their independence.
Aspect-oriented programming in Spring
The aspect-oriented programming paradigm in software development aims to modularise cross-cutting concerns (features or requirements that span multiple modules or application objects). It allows us to separate these cross-cutting concerns from the core business logic of the web application.
To apply the aspect-oriented programming paradigm, we usually use annotations or configuration files to define aspects and specify where they should be applied. Spring AOP supports different types of advice, such as before advice (executed before a join point), after advice (performed after a join point, regardless of its outcome), around advice (wrapped around a join point, allowing us to control its execution), and more.

Spring and Spring Boot
When we delve into the Spring framework, it’s impossible not to stumble upon Spring Boot. How is Spring Boot related to Spring?
Simply put, Spring Boot is the extension of the Spring framework. It eliminates the boilerplate configurations required for setting up a Spring application. Among the most important features of Spring Boot, there are as follows:
- Opinionated ‘starter’ dependencies to help simplify the build and application configuration
- Metrics, health check, and externalised configuration
- Automatic design for Spring functionality when possible
- Embedded server to avoid complexity in application deployment
Both Spring and Spring Boot support package managing technologies like Maven and Gradle. But they differ significantly when it comes to deployment. There are certain advantages of Spring Boot in that department that include:
- Embedded container support
- Ability to run the jars independently
- Possibility to exclude dependencies to avoid potential jar conflicts
- Random port generation for integration tests
- Ability to specify active profiles when deploying
In conclusion, Spring Boot extends the Spring framework for more convenient development, testing and deployment.

Spring Security
A great addition to the Spring framework features can be the Security framework. It is a practical and highly customisable authentication and data access control framework. It’s often used as a standard for Spring applications.
Various handy functions come with this framework, and the most notable include:
- Comprehensive, extensible support for authentication and authorisation
- Protection against attacks such as session fixation, clickjacking, cross-site request forgery and more
- Servlet API integration
- Optional integration with Spring Web MVC
Why should you consider using the Spring framework?
Spring can make an ideal web framework. With features like control container, inversion of control (IOC) and exception handling, it can fit right into your business logic.
Spring’s web framework using Spring Bean objects can contribute to building an application server and may scale up to global transactions. It integrates with various Java EE technologies such as RMI (Remote Method Invocation), AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol), and Java Web Services.

Build your web applications in Spring with our expert developers
At DAC.digital, we have developers proficient in different programming languages and frameworks. Spring and Java have a steady place in our technology stack. Want to start developing your web applications in Spring? Contact us, and let’s discuss the details.

What is Python? A versatile programming language for different purposes
Python has found its place among the most popular programming languages for a while now. There are multiple reasons to back up this state of things, as Python remains a highly versatile tool for complex statistical calculations, data science and more. See why we value Python and enjoy using it in different projects.

Learning Python can be easy
Given its relatively low learning curve due to simple syntax similar to everyday English. It allows it to maintain a certain level of complexity without being overly complicated, and commands are easy to understand and remember.
Another reason for making it easier to learn and master is a large and supportive community ready to help whenever needed. Many active developers also create a variety of frameworks and libraries that allows them to learn Python more efficiently. It also offers a range of libraries and frameworks for build control and bug tracking.

What is Python used for?
Python is classed as one of the most versatile programming languages. It allows flexibility when creating different projects. Python can be used across various industries and for different needs. Let’s have a look at some of the most common ones.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning
What else is Python used for? One of the recently popular uses of this language includes AI and machine learning. Its ability to analyse big data and find patterns, trends and associations makes it helpful for those purposes.
The larger the data set, the better chance for the learning algorithms to process the data and provide the results quicker. Many libraries are also already available, like NumPy, SciPy and Scikit-learn.
Web development
Web development Python frameworks like Django allow for efficient work and allow web developers to program more effectively. Django is ideal for building full web applications (including enterprise management applications) and medium-range scalable projects. It also works well with databases like MySQL.
Data analysis
Data scientists value Python for its simple syntax, as it reduces data analysts’ time to familiarise themselves with the language. Various libraries, like Scrapy, make science and data analytics more straightforward and automated. They can also use other libraries for data visualization and processing data.

Other applications
Besides those mentioned above, Python has other uses, even if the software developers are slightly less vocal. Among others, they include:
Game development
This language is equipped to develop entire games with 3D graphics, as it comes with a built-in game dev library, “pygame”. However, Python code can also create functionalities and add-ons in larger games.
Software testing
Sometimes, instead of using Python as the default language, the developers apply it for testing software and new ideas, processes and algorithms to see if they could find a place in the final product. When the idea is not yet wholly feasible, Python may be a cheap solution for testing it.
Embedded systems
External programs can test embedded systems efficiently. Writing a separate testing algorithm on a separate device (among other languages, also in Python) can simulate the algorithm on the embedded system for hassle-free testing.

Why should you consider Python for software development?
There are many reasons behind making Python so popular. Due to its versatility, it can find its place in task automation, project management and other aspects of the business. The main benefits of using Python include:
Relatively low learning curve
Thanks to its intuitive syntax and large, active community, learning this language can be relatively easy.
Scalability
Python is highly scaleable, and writing code can grow with the project. Instagram, Facebook, and Pinterest are the most prominent examples of adopting it into scaleable products.
Portability
Developers can use this versatile language n different platforms and major operating systems. Python belongs to WORA (Write Once, Run Anywhere) languages. Which makes it a good multiplatform choice.

Help us build your next project with our Python experts
Whether you need a data science project, help with organising relevant data or develop a web application, we are here to help. Our software developers have proven to be more than capable across different projects we made for our clients.
If you want to start using Python or need the best team to join you in the next endeavour, contact us and let’s discuss your needs!

Java custom software development.
Java is a popular programming language and technology that is used to create software and run applications on a variety of devices, from computers to smartphones and other electronic devices. It was created in the mid-1990s by a team of developers at Sun Microsystems, which is now part of Oracle Corporation.
One of the key features of Java is its ability to run on multiple platforms, meaning that code written in Java can be run on different operating systems, such as Windows, macOS, and Linux, without the need for major changes to the code. This is possible because Java code is compiled into an intermediate format called bytecode, which is then interpreted by a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) on the target platform.
Java is used in a wide variety of applications, from large-scale enterprise systems to video games and mobile apps. It is particularly popular in the development of web-based applications, due to its ability to handle complex and dynamic web pages.

Java technology is not just the programming language itself, but also includes a range of tools, libraries, and frameworks that make it easier to develop Java applications. These include the Java Development Kit (JDK), which includes the Java compiler and other tools for developing Java applications, and popular Java frameworks such as Spring and Hibernate, which provide a set of reusable components for building web applications.
Java technology has become a fundamental part of the modern software development industry and is used by millions of developers around the world. Its versatility, portability, and popularity make it an essential tool for building a wide variety of applications.
Let’s talk

How can you use Java in your project?
Java is a perfect technology for developing software and applications, and it’s closely linked to many other technologies in the modern software development landscape.
Here are some details on how Java is used with Android, Kotlin, cloud services, and IoT:
Android
Java is the primary language used for developing Android applications. Android is based on a modified version of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Dalvik Virtual Machine, which is optimized for mobile devices.
This means that developers can use Java to create Android applications and take advantage of the wide range of libraries and tools available in the Java ecosystem.
Kotlin
Kotlin is a newer programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and is designed to be more concise and easier to read than Java.
While Kotlin can be used for various applications, it has become particularly popular for developing Android apps, as it integrates well with Java and can be used alongside Java code in the same project.
Cloud Services
Java is used extensively in cloud computing, particularly for building web applications on cloud platforms such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure.
Java’s popularity, versatility, and ability to run on multiple platforms make it an excellent choice for building cloud-based applications that can be accessed from anywhere.
IoT
Java is also used in the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to the growing network of interconnected devices connected to the Internet.
Java is used in IoT applications because it can run on various devices, from tiny microcontrollers to more powerful embedded systems. It can handle the complex tasks involved in IoT, such as data processing and communication between devices.
Enhance your project with Java now.
Given its multiple benefits, you might want to start applying Java in your new and current projects. If you would like to learn more about its uses in backend applications, don’t hesitate and contact us for assistance.

Detailed overview of Kotlin programming language for backend development.
Many well-known cases of Kotlin use involve the front end, especially for Android development. However, Kotlin can be valuable and practical for the backend, as it’s becoming an increasingly popular programming language. Kotlin displays multiple features that can be applied effectively in backend computer programming.
Concision for smoother operation.
One of the features of Kotlin for the backend is that it’s a statically-typed programming language. It also supports functional and object-oriented programming. The syntax and concepts of Kotlin code are akin to those of other popular programming languages like C#, Scala, and Java, especially the last one. Kotlin is similar to Java, as it compiles down to Java bytecode.

So, backend engineers with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) background find Kotlin easy to grasp. However, using Kotlin drastically reduces boilerplate code and improves readability thanks to built-in features like data classes, null handling, or extension functions.
Coroutines for multi-threaded applications.
Coroutines in Kotlin allow the creation of a performant multi-threaded application to unlock the total capacity for server-side programming. Coroutines help write asynchronous, non-blocking code. Using coroutines, developers can pause functions to resume them later. Writing non-blocking code does not change the programming model, so it’s similar to writing blocking code.
Let’s talk

Compatibility of Kotlin code with popular frameworks.
Kotlin can make an excellent language for server-side development. It’s compatible with a range of server-side frameworks. Here are some of the best ones.
Javalin
Javalin was created as a clone of Java with added Kotlin framework – Spike. It is easy to use and can be implemented by beginners. It is also updated regularly since its first release. Here are the most important pros of the Javalin framework:
- Its adaptiveness for beginners can help those who are switching backend languages and moving to Kotlin
- Includes several tutorials and manuals for seamless adoption
- It can help perform tasks rapidly
- It’s embedded in the Jetty server
- It makes a real micro-framework
- It uses Lambda-based Web Socket API
- Compared to its alternatives, it’s lightweight and fast
KTor
- Reliability and stability
- It works on a minimum memory footprint
- It makes a rapid development framework
- It can be an excellent tool for prototyping
- Similarly to Javalin, it is a real micro-framework
Spark
- Swift and lightweight
- Occupies a minimum memory footprint
- It’s also a real micro-framework
- It is an embedded Jetty server
- Fully compatible with Angular
- Easy to set up
- Most suitable for rapid prototyping
Vert.X
- It can be used for rapid development
- It comes as a complete set of tools
- Well modularised
- Smaller memory footprint compared to Spark
- Supports WebSockets
- Follows the Reactive systems approach
- Excellent for developing loosely-coupled, flexible and highly-scalable applications
Spring Boot
- Easy to install and set up
- Derives from the Spring ecosystem
- Modular framework
- Compatible with many external libraries
- Designed with the enterprise requirements in mind
- It has a dense community of developers
Benefits of Kotlin in the backend.
Multiple benefits come from adopting Kotlin for backend systems. Both beginners and advanced devs can apply it. For example, the Kotlin plugin can make an ideal transition tool for a Java developer, as it allows easy conversion of Java to Kotlin.
Kotlin’s concision can help reduce the boilerplate code and compile time. All of the above make this language an excellent tool for front-end and Android apps and backend and server-side applications.

Enhance your project with Kotlin now.
Given the multiple benefits coming from it, you might want to start applying Kotlin in your new and current projects. If you would like to learn more about its uses in backend applications, don’t hesitate and contact us for assistance.